"Guanxi" is still an important link for enterprises in obtaining resources and achieving development in a transitional society，and the "guanxi" oriented strategy is still an important choice for small and medium-sized enterprises.Based on the perspective of comparative culture，this study deeply discusses the nature of "guanxi" in China from the production conditions，cultural roots and special attributes of "guanxi"，and then gives it a redefinition，further exploring the formation of "guanxi" in the level of corporate strategy.It also analyzes the role and influence of "guanxi" orientation on the performance improvement，resource acquisition，trust building，opportunism prevention and open innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises.