It is urgent to know about Yi medicine and carry out investigation and protection of Yi nationality medicine. At present, Yi medicine faces the situations of famous doctors passing away, loss of famous prescriptions, disappearance of famous drugs and loss of medical skills. It is necessary to review and investigate Yi nationality's medical knowledge theory and health care, continuing to adhere to the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine. It is worth discussing how to make the Yi nationality medicine better for the primary health care service and how to make it included in the scope of protection of national intangible culture.