Abstract:This essay attempts to compare the biographies written by Tongcheng School with those in Records of the Historian in the following three aspects:the identity of the description object,the events selected and the representation.It reveals that Tongcheng School inherits the Records of the Historian and it also has a series of new changes.To some extent,it can clarify why Tongcheng School can develop and grow in strength and becomes the leader of literary in the Qing Dynasty at last.