"Killing the surrendered at Xin'an" has always been regarded as a typical case of Xiang Yu's atrocities and one of the key reasons for his failure. This argument seems to underestimate Qin people's psychological endurance and overestimate the impact of the event itself. After ShangYang Reforms, the soldiers of Qin Empire, though facing death unflinchingly, have no notions of the state, being neither loyal to the emperor nor patriotic, and only fearing Qin law! Qin people, frequently in wars with others, had become too accustomed to the killing of the surrendered and the destruction of cities between the armies. Therefore, the impact of "killing the surrendered at Xin'an" on our historical course might not be overestimated.