"One Village, One Kindergarten" is put forward in the area under the special background of Yi nationality to solve the problem of preschool education in rural children of Yi district. It is the best way fundamentally to solve the problem of "Accurate Poverty Alleviation" in terms of education in national regions. This paper mainly introduces the specific details of the development "One Village, One Kindergarten" in Liangshan. From 2015 to the end of 2016, 3060 kindergartens have been established, which has increased the kindergarten enrollment rate. The problems appeared in the implementation process: Children's parents are backward in concept, short construction time, urgent task, low quality, shortage of construction funds; the ownership is unknown, lack of teachers, and lack of professionalism and so on. So we put forward some countermeasures and suggestions to strengthen the importance of pre-school education, perfect the infrastructure equipment, optimize the teaching environment, and attach importance to teacher training.