Book of Poetry, as the representative style of literature history of our country, had a profound influence on the later literature development, while the folk songs of Southern Dynasties also were influenced by Book of Poetry. Researches on Book of Poetry and folk songs of the Southern Dynasty are mainly based on the essential differences from the history backgrounds, from the theme and content, table form and artistic technique to comparison between similarities and differences of the two literature works, in order to better experience the unique artistic charm of folk songs.