Social analysis school that is a realism novel genre has an important position in the history of Chinese modem literature. Mao Dun, Wu Zuxiang, Sha Ting, Ai Wu and others are its representative writers. Social analysis school made great and brilliant artistic achievement in the creative practice. Social analysis school formed unity unique artistic style in the selection of theme and the arrangement of the structure and shaping personality characters. It marked the maturity of modem novels and has a far-reaching influence on the development of Chinese literature. Article will combine the specific social analysis novels and historical materials to analyze the artistic characteristics of social analysis school.