Poverty is a common problem faced by most of the rural areas of our country currently.Since the nineteen seventies,in order to alleviate and eliminate poverty,the government has started a series of Poverty alleviation projects and invested a lot of manpower and material resources.Poverty in most of the rural areas has been eased.Industrial poverty alleviation is one important part of the poverty alleviation policies carried out in recent years.It makes the government poverty alleviation mode change from the previous"giving him fish"into"teaching him how to fish",which is in favor of the complete elimination of rural poverty.But there are also many problems existing in the industrial poverty alleviation policies.This paper combined with the specific industrial structural adjustment process carried out in the village of Y by the government,analysed the specific behavior of government and attempted to point out the function and role of government,which should be played,with the hope of bringing enlightenment to the industrial structural adjustment of other poor parts of our country.