The report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China propose that we must speed up the development of the society undertakings to improve social management system. As a means of social management, ideological and political education plays a vital role in this process. The comparative research between social management and ideological and political education is necessary to make social management humanized and systematic and to make ideological and political education more scientific and optimized. It also meets the need of the objective law of social development.