This essay attempts to compare the biographies written by Tongcheng School with those in Records of the Historian in the following three aspects：the identity of the description object,the events selected and the representation.It reveals that Tongcheng School inherits the Records of the Historian and it also has a series of new changes.To some extent,it can clarify why Tongcheng School can develop and grow in strength and becomes the leader of literary in the Qing Dynasty at last.