In the context of the rural revitalization strategy, a collaborative education between home, school and society in rural primary schools is confronted with practical problems of misaligned role perceptions , fragmented value orientations, and weak cooperation mechanisms of educational subjects. Based on the Overlapping Spheres of Influence Theory, we propose a three-dimensional optimization strategy: to determine the three parties'' educational niches through role reassignment; to create a three-dimensional coordinate system of "cultural inheritance, ability development and social adaptation" by applying value clarification techniques; and to design a "four-dimensional co-working mechanism" of joint conferences, sharing resources, collaborative evaluation, and incentive guarantee based on the organizational synergy theory. Our study aims to realize the paradigm shift of collaborative education from loose cooperation to in-depth coupling, so that theoretical support and practical paths for the revitalization of rural basic education can be provided.