Cultivating and strengthening national strategic hinterlands constitutes a crucial strategic initiative by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to ensure high-quality development underpinned by high-quality security. In the new era, fostering national strategic hinterlands is of great significance in safeguarding national security, promoting coordinated regional development, preserving ecological security and sustainable development, and realizing Chinese modernization. Currently, the development of these hinterlands faces practical challenges such as industrial homogenization, insufficient innovation momentum, structural imbalances in urban clusters, and an urgent need to reconstruct pathways for regional coordinated development. Moving forward, cultivating national strategic hinterlands requires exploring innovative approaches: improving the top-level design system, restructuring industrial systems, enhancing industrial backup capacity, innovating green drivers to advance ecological sustainable development, and strengthening multi-tiered urban systems to drive the upgrading of urban hierarchy. These efforts will continuously advance the development of national strategic hinterlands and consolidate the foundation for national security and development.