Cultivating rural talents is an important part of the Party''s leadership in "agriculture,rural areas and farmers" work and comprehensively promoting rural revitalization in the new era.Based on 26 Central Document Nos. 1 from 1982 to 2024, this paper analyzes the policy evolution process of rural talent cultivation over the past 40 years since the reform and opening up. Generally,it has experienced the development period after the reform and opening up from 1982 to 2005,the new period since the tax and fee reform from 2006 to 2011,the deepening period in the new era from 2012 to 2017,and the comprehensive strengthening period against the background of rural revitalization since 2018.The rural talent cultivation policy has always shown three distinct characteristics: adhering to the construction of grass-roots Party organizations,cultivating talents in urban-rural exchanges,and adhering to the dominant position of farmers.However,it still faces difficulties such as the loss of rural elites,insufficient internal driving force for talent cultivation,the urgent need to improve the training system for new professional farmers,and the need to innovate the talent cultivation system in agricultural universities.Measures such as attracting new local worthies to return to their hometowns to develop internal driving force,establishing and improving a systematic training system for new professional farmers, and innovating the talent cultivation system in agricultural universities in line with the times should be taken to further promote the comprehensive revitalization of rural talents in the process of Chinese-style modernization.