Empty-nested young people are a new group emerging in the process of transformation from traditional society to modern society. The study of empty-nested young people has an important realistic significance for individual improvement, social development and national prosperity. Based on Giddens'' structurization theory, this paper constructs an analytical framework of "individual action--social structure--structural duality". It explains the formation logic of this young group''s loneliness through the routinization and regionalization of individual actions, the lack of resources (allocative resources and authoritative resources), and the lack of rules (dominant rules and ideographic rules) in the social structure. On this basis, the author tries to put forward some suggestions on how to relieve loneliness from three aspects: strengthening individual action ability, strengthening social connection with external force and promoting positive interaction between individual action and social structure with the interaction of social work intervention.